Intel iGPU Passthrough to a Proxmox VM¶

This guide configures full Intel iGPU passthrough. The VM gets the complete device; the Proxmox host and other VMs cannot use it at the same time.

Before You Start¶

In BIOS/UEFI, enable Intel VT-d or the equivalent IOMMU setting. The CPU and motherboard must both support IOMMU interrupt remapping.

This guide uses the current Proxmox VE defaults. It does not add ACS overrides, unsafe interrupts or a large generic kernel command line. Those options can reduce isolation or stability and should only be used to troubleshoot a specific, verified hardware problem.

Find the Intel iGPU¶

Run:

lspci -nnk | grep -A3 -E "VGA|Display"

Find the Intel device and note its PCI address and ID. In this example, the address is 00:02.0 and the ID is 8086:3e92:

00:02.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: Intel Corporation UHD Graphics 630 [8086:3e92]

Your values will be different.

Load the VFIO Modules¶

Edit /etc/modules:

nano /etc/modules

Add these modules:

vfio
vfio_iommu_type1
vfio_pci

Refresh the initramfs and reboot:

update-initramfs -u -k all
reboot

Verify IOMMU and Device Isolation¶

After the reboot, check the kernel messages:

dmesg | grep -e DMAR -e IOMMU -e AMD-Vi

The exact output depends on the hardware and kernel. It must show that IOMMU, Directed I/O or interrupt remapping is enabled.

Check the IOMMU group reported by Proxmox. Replace NODE with the Proxmox node name:

pvesh get /nodes/NODE/hardware/pci --pci-class-blacklist ""

The iGPU may share a group with its own functions or root port. It should not share a group with an unrelated device that the host still needs.

Check the Host Driver¶

Proxmox VE tries to make an assigned PCI device unavailable to the host automatically. Normally, add the iGPU to the VM in the next section first and return here only if assignment fails. Check the current driver:

lspci -nnk -s 00:02.0

After the iGPU is assigned and the host is rebooted, Kernel driver in use should be vfio-pci, or the line may be absent.

If automatic binding does not work, bind only the verified device ID. Replace 8086:3e92 with the ID from your system:

echo "options vfio-pci ids=8086:3e92" > /etc/modprobe.d/vfio.conf
update-initramfs -u -k all
reboot

Do not copy the example ID.

Add the iGPU to the VM¶

1. Shut down the VM.
2. Open the VM's Hardware tab.
3. Select Add > PCI Device.
4. Select the Intel iGPU by its PCI address.
5. Enable PCI-Express when the VM uses the q35 machine type.
6. Enable All Functions only when the device has related functions that must be passed together.
7. Enable Primary GPU only when the guest should use the iGPU as its main display.

Proxmox recommends q35, OVMF and PCIe for the best GPU-passthrough compatibility. OVMF also requires a UEFI-capable device ROM; otherwise use SeaBIOS.

Verify Inside the Guest¶

On Windows, install the current Intel graphics driver and check Device Manager.

On Linux, check that the device is present and that the guest driver created the Direct Rendering Infrastructure devices:

lspci -nnk | grep -A3 -E "VGA|Display"
ls -la /dev/dri

The exact card and renderD numbers can vary.

Sources¶

• Proxmox VE Administration Guide: PCI(e) Passthrough
• Intel Driver & Support Assistant

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